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Archives :: Processing & Handling :: Thermal & Energy Management

Displaying 181 - 200 of 405 stories.
May 1, 2009
Petroleum Refiners Face Uncertain Future
Petroleum refiners throughout the world are faced with increasing uncertainty regarding future refining margins, crude prices and project costs. These factors, along with falling demand for refined products, a global recession, and tighter credit markets, are forcing global refiners to reconsider, postpone, or cancel expansion projects. At the same time, mandated reduction of sulfur levels in refined...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/fuels/Petroleum-Refiners-Face-Uncertain-Future_4761.html
May 1, 2009
Petroleum refiners seek to increase distillate yield, decrease emissions . . .
Strategies for extracting more distillate from petroleum to meet the growing demand for diesel fuel constituted a major theme of the recent annual meeting of the National Petrochemical and Petroleum Refiners Association (NPRA, Washington D.C.; www.npra.gov) in San Antonio, Tex. Worldwide, the demand for distillate is expected to increase by more than 5 million bbl/d over the next 10 years, says Richard...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/fuels/Petroleum-refiners-seek-to-increase-distillate-yield-decrease-emissions-_4777.html
May 1, 2009
Solid catalyst simplifies turning algae into biodiesel
Researchers at United Environment & Energy (UE&E; Horseheads, N.Y.) have developed a catalyst for the efficient conversion of algae to biodiesel. The mixed-metal oxide catalyst (comprised of metals that are resistant to corrosion yet reactive) facilitates the transesterification of algae oil and methanol. The mechanism for the reaction over the solid...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/fuels/Solid-catalyst-simplifies-turning-algae-into-biodiesel_4781.html
May 1, 2009
Focus on Heat Transfer
New line of blown film coolers are designed for warm climates The BFC Series of Blown Film Air Coolers offer an increase in blown film productivity, especially in warmer climates or other environments where ambient air temperature rises during the summer. The Series boosts productivity by eliminating production variables in air ring supply, including air temperature, pressure and volume. A modulated...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/heat_exchangers_condensers_and_coolers/Focus-on-Heat-Transfer_4763.html
May 1, 2009
Engineering Practice: Optimal Cooling Systems For Coastal Plants
Because temperature control is important in any process, a water-cooling system is a common component in chemical processing plants. For facilities located near coastal areas, the tendency is toward the use of seawater instead of river water for cooling purposes. Seawater has the advantage of having nearly a constant quality (chemical analysis), nearly a constant temperature and is available in large...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/heat_exchangers_condensers_and_coolers/Engineering-Practice-Optimal-Cooling-Systems-For-Coastal-Plants_4770.html
March 1, 2009
Chementator: Using the sun to keep Australians cool
CSIRO Energy Technology (Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; www.csiro.au) is developing a solar-powered air conditioning unit for residential use, using a desiccant-evaporative process to provide cool and dehumidified air. Thermally driven ab- or adsorption chillers are commonly used to provide cooling using heat, but these entail disadvantages: they are expensive, bulky, they produce chilled water...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/air_conditioning_and_refrigeration/Chementator-Using-the-sun-to-keep-Australians-cool_4598.html
March 1, 2009
Chementator: A more efficient way to extract energy from coal
A process that produces hydrogen from coal with close to 80% energy conversion efficiency, plus coproduction of a carbon-dioxide-rich stream for sequestration, is being developed at Ohio State University (Columbus, Ohio; www.osu.edu). This compares with around 60% conversion efficiency for traditional coal gasification processes, says Fanxing Li, a research associate and co-inventor of the process along...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/fuels/Chementator-A-more-efficient-way-to-extract-energy-from-coal_4593.html
March 1, 2009
Chementator: Eni orders world’s largest reactors
Last month, GE Oil & Gas (Florence, Italy; www.ge.com/oilandgas) received a contract to supply Eni S.p.A. (Rome; www.eni.it) with the largest refinery reactors of their type ever to be manufactured. GE Oil & Gas’ components-production facility in Massa, Italy, will manufacture the heavy-wall, slurry reactors — each weighing about 2,000 tons — and then transport them to Eni’s...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/fuels/Chementator-Eni-orders-worlds-largest-reactors_4600.html
March 1, 2009
Cover Story: Solar’s Second Coming
Nearly 30 years ago (May 6, 1979), U.S. President Jimmy Carter made the following prophetic statement at the inauguration of a solar-thermal water heater installed on the White House roof: "In the year 2000, the solar heater behind me will still be here, supplying cheap, efficient energy. A generation from now, this solar heater can either be a curiosity, a museum piece, an example of a road not...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/power_generation_and_transmission/Cover-Story-Solars-Second-Coming_4563.html
February 12, 2009
Turn wastewater into a source of low-cost electricity
The Megawatter platform is a commercial implementation of Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC) technology for direct electricity or hydrogen generation on a large scale, while using wastewater as fuel by treating the organic materials...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/fuels/Turn-wastewater-into-a-source-of-low-cost-electricity_4547.html
February 12, 2009
This heat exchanger holds up to a thousand plates in its frame
The new NT 500 plate heat exchanger sets new performance standards with a volume flow of up to 4,500 m3/h. The steel frame can hold up to a thousand plates, and the largest version is 4.7-m high and 1.6-m wide. The unit is available in...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/heat_exchangers_condensers_and_coolers/This-heat-exchanger-holds-up-to-a-thousand-plates-in-its-frame_4530.html
February 1, 2009
Chementator: A sound way to reuse low-temperature waste heat
In a so-called thermoacoustic engine, researchers from the Energy Research Center of the Netherlands (ECN; Petten, Netherlands; www.ecn.nl) have achieved a record efficiency in the conversion of heat to sound, improving the existing record of 41% to 48% of the maximum possible efficiency (Carnot efficiency). The engine is being developed as a way to utilize the huge quantities of waste heat, which normally...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/Chementator-A-sound-way-to-reuse-low-temperature-waste-heat_4522.html
February 1, 2009
Oil from Sand
In these hard economic times, people working in troubled businesses may well envy the situation of Alberta’s oil sands industry. The Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP, Calgary, Alberta; www.capp.ca) predicts that the production of synthetic crude from oil sands will reach 3.3-million bbl/d by 2020, up from 1.2-million bbl/d in 2007. Much of this oil will be sent to the U.S. via an...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/fuels/Oil-from-Sand_4491.html
February 1, 2009
This centrifugal reactor/separator speeds up biodiesel production
A continuous process for producing biodiesel that has a residence time of about one minute, versus several hours for a conventional batch process, has been developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL; Oak Ridge, Tenn.; www.ornl.gov). The process uses a centrifuge for simultaneous synthesis of biodiesel and separation of the biodiesel from the glycerol byproduct. ORNL has done laboratory tests and is...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/fuels/This-centrifugal-reactorseparator-speeds-up-biodiesel-production_4517.html
February 1, 2009
Chementator: A pilot-step closer to second-generation biofuels
Lurgi GmbH (Frankfurt, Germany; www.lurgi.com) is building a pilot plant to demonstrate the viability of its three-stage bioliq process for producing liquid fuels from biomass. The pilot plant — an entrained-flow gasifier for the production of synthesis gas — will be located at the Karlsruhe Research Center (FZK; Germany; www.fzk.de), and is part of a joint project with the Karlsruhe Institute of...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/fuels/Chementator-A-pilot-step-closer-to-second-generation-biofuels_4519.html
February 1, 2009
Compact Heat Exchangers: Improving Heat Recovery
Global warming is of major concern today. There is increasing pressure on industry to reduce both energy usage and the associated CO2 emissions. An important and profitable action that industry can take is to recover more process energy and thus improve the efficient use of that energy. This not only reduces the cost of primary energy supply and lowers CO2 emissions, but also provides benefits in terms of...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/heat_exchangers_condensers_and_coolers/Compact-Heat-Exchangers-Improving-Heat-Recovery_4500.html
February 1, 2009
Plate Heat Exchangers: Avoiding Common Misconceptions
The use of gasketed plate-and-frame heat exchangers has gained tremendous acceptance in the chemical process industries (CPI) over the past 20 years due to their high heat-transfer coefficients, compactness and low cost. However, it is important for the engineer who is selecting this type of heat exchanger to be aware of critical areas in design or selection so that possible operating or maintenance...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/heat_exchangers_condensers_and_coolers/Plate-Heat-Exchangers-Avoiding-Common-Misconceptions_4501.html
February 1, 2009
Chementator: Construction to begin on a large solar plant in Spain
Thanks to a €171-million financing deal, construction can begin on what is claimed to be the world’s first utility-grade solar power plant with central tower and salt receiver technology. When the so-called Gemasolar plant — located in Fuentes de Andalucia, Spain — is operational in 2011, it will produce 17 MWe of power, reducing CO2 emissions by more than 50,000 metric tons per year...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/power_generation_and_transmission/Chementator-Construction-to-begin-on-a-large-solar-plant-in-Spain_4515.html
January 23, 2009
Praxair awarded H2 contract by Dynamic Fuels
Praxair, Inc. (Danbury, Conn.; www.praxair.com) has been awarded a hydrogen supply contract from Dynamic Fuels, LLC, a joint venture between Tyson Foods, Inc. and Syntroleum Corp. Dynamic Fuels will use H2 supplied by Praxair to produce renewable fuels from non-food-grade animal fats produced or procured by Tyson Foods...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/fuels/Praxair-awarded-H2-contract-by-Dynamic-Fuels_4482.html
January 13, 2009
Siemens to supply key components to India for advanced steam power plants
Siemens Energy (Erlangen, Germany; www.siemens.com/energy) received a contract from its Indian licensee Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL) for the supply of components for two steam turbine-generators. The customer is the state-owned energy utility National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd. (NTPC). The volume of this order is approximately 80-million euros. The coal-fired power plant Barh II is situated 75...
http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/thermal_and_energy_mgmt/power_generation_and_transmission/Siemens-to-supply-key-components-to-India-for-advanced-steam-power-plants_4472.html
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