For valves operating in hazardous environments, certification testing is critical to ensure the reliability and safety of the equipment. But this testing process has historically required facilities to shut down and sacrifice valuable production hours to check each valve. Built-in self-test (BIST) capabilities in smart, electronic valve actuators were developed in response to these testing challenges. This article examines how BIST simplifies valve testing and reduces the cost, while increasing the level of confidence in valve and actuator safety.... http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/liquid_gas_and_air_handling/valves/The-BIST-In-Electronic-Valve-Actuators_5459.html
Pipe sizing calculations include certain values that are time dependent, such as costs. While some costs rise, others decrease over time. It is the designers task to ensure that the total cost is minimized. For fluid flow calculations,heuristic criteria are often used, which is the main reason why these values must be updated from time to time. In this article, recommended velocities are updated for several materials of construction, and other velocities for new materials are calculated, using the Generaux Equation [1],... http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/liquid_gas_and_air_handling/piping_and_tubing/Updating-the-Rules-For-Pipe-Sizing_5402.html
Compressed gas cylinders are widely used in research, pilot plant, laboratory and small-scale manufacturing and processing operations as a way to provide a convenient, economical and safe source of high-pressure gases for various applications. A compressed gas is defined by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) as any materials or mixtures in containers having an absolute pressure in excess of 40 psi at 70oF, or in excess of 104 psi at 130oF.... http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/liquid_gas_and_air_handling/Compressed-Gases-Managing-Cylinders-Safely_5158.html
Corrosion is estimated to account for a significant portion — 8–10% — of total annual-plant-capital expenditures for the chemical process industries. To avoid it, engineers can consider corrosion-resistant plastics for process piping and storage vessels. Thermoplastics are generally resistant to chemical attack and thus suitable for many process applications. However, plastics must be selected based on process specifics.... http://www.che.com/processing_and_handling/liquid_gas_and_air_handling/piping_and_tubing/Chemical-Resistance-of-Thermoplastics_5159.html
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