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January 15, 2008
Chementator: This Solar Reactor Will Recycle Carbon Dioxide
A prototype solar reactor that will break carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide and oxygen, or split water into hydrogen and oxygen, will be started up this spring by researchers at Sandia National Laboratories (Albuquerque, N.M.; edlinks.che.com/7368-535). The ultimate goal of the so-called "Sunshine to Petrol" project is to recycle sequestered CO2 and combine the CO product with H2 to synthesize...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Chementator-This-Solar-Reactor-Will-Recycle-Carbon-Dioxide_3616.html
January 15, 2008
Chementator: Commercialization Is Set for a Fischer-Tropsch Process
Rentech, Inc. (Los Angeles, Calif.; edlinks.che.com/7368-537) will build its first commercial synthetic fuels plant, using the company’s proprietary Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process, near Natchez, Miss. The plant will gasify locally purchased petroleum coke or barged-in coal, along with at least 5% biomass. The resultant syngas of H 2 and CO will be converted to straight-chain waxy...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Chementator-Commercialization-Is-Set-for-a-Fischer-Tropsch-Process_3618.html
January 15, 2008
Chementator: Fuel from CO2
UOP LLC (Des Plaines, Ill.; edlinks.che.com/7368-542) has partnered with the University of Southern California’s (USC) Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute (Los Angeles...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Chementator-Fuel-from-CO2_3624.html
November 15, 2007
A second major plant for a new PO process
Rabigh Refining & Petrochemical Co., a 50:50 joint venture of Saudi Arabian Oil Co. (Dhahran, both Saudi Arabia) and Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan; edlinks.che.com/6901-537), is constructing a new plant to produce 200,000 m.t./yr of propylene oxide (PO). When the plant starts up next year, it will be the second commercial plant to use a byproduct-free process...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/A-second-major-plant-for-a-new-PO-process_3511.html
November 12, 2007
India Expands Clean-fuels Programs
Axens (Rueil-Malmaison, France; www.axens.net) has recently been awarded several major basic engineering design packages and technology licenses for new, clean-fuels programs with Indian Oil Corp. Ltd. (IndianOil; www.iocl.com). The contracts are for the following refineries: Guwahati, Barauni, Mathura, Digboi, Panipat, and Paradip refineries. Commissioning of the units is scheduled for 2010 when the Euro...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/India-Expands-Clean-fuels-Programs_3480.html
September 1, 2007
Eastman plans a dramatic increase in chemicals production from syngas
Eastman Chemical Co. (Kingsport, Tenn.; edlinks.che.com/6899-534), which has been producing chemicals via coal gasification (flowsheet) since 1983, will build a $l.6-billion plant in Beaumont, Tex., that will roughly quintuple the size of its current production of chemicals from synthesis gas. The company plans to share ownership 50–50 with a financial equity investor. Scheduled for startup in 2011, the...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Eastman-plans-a-dramatic-increase-in-chemicals-production-from-syngas_3347.html
September 1, 2007
Further scaleup for a 'downer' FCC process
In order to confirm the performance of its proprietary, high-severity fluid-catalytic-cracking (HS-FCC) process, Nippon Oil Corp. (Tokyo, Japan; edlinks.che.com/6899-533) plans to build a new confirmation-test plant at its Mizushima, Japan, refinery. The unit will have a treating capacity of 3,000 bbl/d when it starts operating in 2010 as part of a joint research project conducted by Petroleum...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Further-scaleup-for-a-downer-FCC-process_3353.html
July 1, 2007
Piping Design, Part 3 - Design Elements
    Piping design is the job of configuring the physical aspects of pipe and components in an effort to conform with piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs), fluid-service requirements, associated material specifications, equipment-data sheets, and current good manufacturing practices (GMP) while meeting owner expectations. All of this must be accomplished within a pre-determined...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Piping-Design-Part-3-Design-Elements_3136.html
May 1, 2007
E&C changes
Last month, Air Liquide S.A. (Paris; edlinks.che.com/6895-543) acquired Lurgi AG (Frankfurt, Germany) from the GEA Group AG (Bochum, Germany; edlinks.che.com/6895-544). Although subject to...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/E-and-C-changes_3259.html
April 1, 2007
Uniting on interoperability
It's a simple matter of fact: a chemical process plant operates by the products and services of numerous - and, unavoidably, competing - vendors. Since the resulting compatibility issues only hamper productivity, vendors, EPC firms and owner/operators alike tried to put their differences aside to address interoperability, at this year's DaratechPlant (Houston; January 29-31; daratech.com). Standardization...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Uniting-on-interoperability_3335.html
April 1, 2007
Target Costing
    Free trade agreements, global manufacturing standards and the Internet have made it possible for companies to do business in countries they would not have considered 20 years ago. Open is a world of opportunity, but for processors of pharmaceuticals, semiconductors and other materials that must meet high standards of product purity and performance, the competition is stiffer than ever as...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Target-Costing_3342.html
March 1, 2007
Unit Restarts: Where to Begin?
  The preparation of a unit for restart requires complex and systematic approach. A plant restart project is traditionally composed of four steps: 1. A detailed unit-status evaluation 2. Preparation for onsite work 3. Major onsite work, which involves significant expenses for personnel, supply, equipment renting and contractors 4. Restart of the plant, which focuses on bringing the unit online. Upon...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Unit-Restarts-Where-to-Begin_3132.html
March 1, 2007
Shaw-Saudi JV
Stone & Webster International, a business unit of the Shaw Group Inc. (Baton Rouge, La.; edlinks.che.com/6893-554), has formed a joint venture with...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Shaw-Saudi-JV_3229.html
February 1, 2007
Piping for Process Plants Part 1: The Basics
    This is the first in a series of articles that will cover a wide range of piping topics. The topics will cross process-industry lines, pertaining to, for example, the chemical, petroleum-refining, pulp-and-paper and pharmaceutical and other industries.The main intent of these articles to address questions and misunderstandings as they relate to use of piping on a general basis.   Typical...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Piping-for-Process-Plants-Part-1-The-Basics_3141.html
December 1, 2006
Assess Your Plant’s True Water-Savings Potential
    For companies in the chemical process industries, water is an indispensable utility. But the growing scarcity of quality industrial water, combined with stricter environmental regulations and the rising cost of wastewater treatment, have encouraged the conservation of water as a key utility in process plants. Concurrently, the development of systematic techniques for water reduction has made...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Assess-Your-Plants-True-Water-Savings-Potential_2810.html
October 1, 2006
Heuristics Rules for Process Equipment
    Provided that they are updated when appropriate to keep them relevant, time-tested heuristics rules based upon experience, also referred to as rules of thumb, can be useful for the design, specifying and operation of several kinds of equipment used in process plants. The first and foremost heuristic rule is that the engineer should not shy away from using heuristics - and the second rule is...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/Heuristics-Rules-for-Process-Equipment_2808.html
August 1, 2006
China Still Beckons Petrochemical Investments
    China, one of the world's great growth stories, may become the world's largest consumer market. As that potential unfolds, petrochemical activity and investment are sure to be key drivers. China is now the 6th largest economy in the world, boasting a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of $2.23 trillion in 2005; but measured on a purchasing power parity (PPP) basis, China would rank as the...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/China-Still-Beckons-Petrochemical-Investments_3080.html
June 1, 2006
How to Prepare a Process Design Basis
    Intelligent — and thorough — preparation of a process-design-basis document can make the difference between a high-quality design for a chemical-process project and a poor one. The process-design-basis document represents the owner’s instructions to the design engineering organization about what the owner wants designed, and how the owner wants the process design to be done...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/How-to-Prepare-a-Process-Design-Basis_2801.html
May 1, 2006
A Bit of Extra Lab Effort Can Prevent Grief During Scaleup
    It’s an old saw, but I’ve long held that process development is very much a team effort. Developing safe, robust and scaleable chemical processes calls for close collaboration between synthesis chemists, process development engineers and pilot plant personnel. But experience shows that, particularly in many fine chemical and pharmaceutical organizations, researchers fail to put...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/A-Bit-of-Extra-Lab-Effort-Can-Prevent-Grief-During-Scaleup_2817.html
April 1, 2006
How to Estimate Utility Costs
    Typical process utilities include electricity, process steam, refrigerants, compressed air, cooling water, heated water, hot oil, process water, demineralized water, municipal water, and river, lake, or ocean water. For preliminary cost estimates, waste disposal cost can also be treated like a utility expense. Unlike capital, labor, and other expenses, utility prices do not correlate simply...
http://www.che.com/business_and_economics/design_engineering_and_construction/How-to-Estimate-Utility-Costs_2798.html
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